Children's Eye Tests: Free on the NHS, When to Start, and What to Expect
Every child in the UK is entitled to free NHS eye tests. Early testing is important because children rarely complain about poor vision, and untreated problems can affect learning and development.
Always Free
All children under 16 qualify for free NHS eye tests. Young people aged 16 to 18 in full-time education also qualify. NHS optical vouchers are available towards the cost of glasses if needed.
When to Start
Birth to 3
The NHS newborn screening checks for obvious problems. If there is a family history of childhood eye conditions, ask your GP for a referral to an ophthalmologist.
Age 4-5 (before school)
Book your child's first full optician eye test before they start school. This is the most important early check. Many vision problems are only caught at this stage.
School screening
The NHS offers basic vision screening in Reception year, but this is not a full eye test. It can miss conditions that a comprehensive optician test would catch. Do not rely on school screening alone.
After the first test: Annual eye tests are recommended for all children. Your optician will advise if more frequent checks are needed based on the results.
Signs Your Child May Need an Eye Test
Book an eye test promptly if you notice any of the following:
Many children with vision problems do not show obvious signs because they have never known anything different. Regular testing is the only reliable way to catch problems early.
What Happens During a Children's Eye Test
A children's eye test is adapted for their age. It typically takes 15 to 20 minutes. The optometrist will use child-friendly methods:
- ✓Picture charts instead of letters for younger children (matching shapes or pictures)
- ✓A light reflex test to check how the eyes work together
- ✓Retinoscopy (shining a light into the eye to measure the prescription without needing verbal responses)
- ✓Cover test to check for squint (strabismus)
- ✓3D vision test to check depth perception
- ✓General eye health check with a light and magnifier
Tips for a nervous child: Explain that it is not a test they can fail. Nobody will touch their eyes. The optician will show them pictures and ask simple questions. Let them bring a favourite toy or book. Most children find it interesting rather than scary.
Glasses for Children: NHS Vouchers
NHS Optical Voucher
If your child needs glasses, they are entitled to an NHS optical voucher worth £39.10 to £215.50 depending on the prescription strength. This covers the full cost of basic glasses at most opticians.
The voucher can be used at any optician. Budget frame ranges at Specsavers, Boots, and Vision Express typically fall within the voucher value, meaning no additional cost to you.
Replacement and Repair
Children are entitled to a replacement voucher if their glasses are lost or damaged (and the prescription has not changed). There is a small charge of £12 to £15 for a replacement pair at most opticians.
Consider flexible or unbreakable frames for younger children. Many opticians offer children's ranges with spring hinges and impact-resistant lenses at no extra cost within the voucher value.